控释氮肥对莴苣生长及氮肥利用率的影响

采用盆栽和田间试验,探讨了控释氮肥脲甲醛(UF)不同供氮水平条件下的肥料效应;并采用微区试验比较了控释氮肥与其他速效氮肥品种对莴苣生长,形态指标,产量及利用率的影响。结果表明,控释氮肥的供量与产量密切相关,中氮水平处理,肥效最佳,过量供应,单位肥料的肥效明显下降。等氮量条件下,莴苣对控释氮肥的吸收利用率最高,达40.10%,较其它氮肥品种其利用率增加6.93%～31.04%,控释氮肥处理,莴苣的生长指标及增产效应优于其他氮肥品种,不同氮肥品种的增产顺序为UF>CO(NH2)2>NH4NO3>NH4HCO3。     

Influence of Oil Seed Rape and Faba Bean as Green Manure on Nitrogen Utilization in a Spring Cereal Rotation

A lysimeter study was conducted to investigate how nitrogen uptake of spring wheat and oats and N leaching losses are differing when either oilseed rape or faba bean are grown as green manure. The experiment was conducted during 1982–1988, and fertilizer applied to the cereals was either farmyard manure, FYM, (6 and 12 g N/m²/year) or mineral fertilizer, MiF, at a rate of 6 g N/m². On average of the 7 year period faba bean increased N uptake of the cereals fertilized with FYM at harvest by 3–4 g/m². Differences between the two application rates were negligible. N-leaching losses increased twofold when faba bean was grown instead of oilseed rape. Growing faba bean after cereals supplied with MiF, too, increased N uptake of the cereals and significantly increased leaching losses.     

青海云杉移植苗不同施肥方法生长效益分析

通过不同施肥方法试验,研究有机肥、化肥及有机肥与化肥配施对青海云杉移植苗生长的影响。结果表明,施用化肥、有机肥均能促进青海云杉移植苗生长,而有机肥与N、P、K肥配施,才能获得更高的生长量。     

水稻施用缓释尿素免追肥试验、示范初报

在盘山县对水稻进行缓释尿素和磷、钾肥做基肥一次施入免追肥试验和示范研究,结果表明,缓释尿素可提供水稻整个生育期的氮素供应,该施肥法可确保水稻产量,省工省事,可以大面积推广应用。     

绿色优质稻谷栽培技术研究

为生产绿色优质稻谷,从筛选优质高产品种、改用肥料种类和高效低毒农药或生物农药方面进行技术探讨。通过1a的实践表明,在选择优质品种的基础上配备有机肥、生物肥、生物菌肥和生物农药,可生产出绿色优质稻谷。     

Sea salmon sludge as fertilizer: effects on a volcanic soil and annual ryegrass yield and quality

Abstract. To evaluate the effect of sea salmon sludge on soil and ryegrass yield and quality, five treatments were tested (30, 60 and 90 t ha⁻¹ of sludge, inorganic fertilizer and control). The sludge contained 16% dry matter (DM), 0.13% total N and 1.6% P. The sludge increased ryegrass DM yield, P and Na content, but decreased K concentrations in soil and plants. Sludge can be applied successfully on to land, but its addition should be complemented with inorganic nutrients (N, K). The high Na content of the sludge may limit repeated application, but the main benefit is its P content.     

春小麦品质性状对不同密度、N肥反应的研究

试验使用裂区设计研究了14个稳定的春小麦品种（系）的5个品质性状（麦谷蛋白大聚合体、伯尔辛克值、沉降值、粗蛋白含量、湿面筋）对密度、施氮量的反应，发现施氮量是决定5个品质性状的主要环境因子，对施氮量敏感性从大到小依次为麦谷蛋白大聚合体、蛋白质、湿面筋含量、沉降值、伯尔辛克值。     

氮肥形态与大白菜产量及硝酸盐累积的关系

通过田间试验研究了不同形态氮肥对大白菜产量及硝酸盐累积的影响。结果表明 ,大白菜施用尿素比习惯施用碳酸铵更有利于获得高产 ,大颗粒尿素优于普通尿素 ,且净菜产量高。随氮肥追肥量增加 ,大白菜内叶硝酸盐含量增加 ,外叶则维持在一定水平上 ,大白菜外叶硝酸盐含量高于内叶。大量施用氮肥不仅产量低 ,净菜率低 ,而且使大白菜外叶硝酸盐累积水平高 ,并使土体中残留大量硝酸盐。     

不同肥料用量组合对烤烟产值的效应

选择氦、钾、饼肥作为决策变量，研究其对烤烟产值的影响。采用三因素水平二次回归通用旋转组合设计，获得了3个决策变量（Xi）与目标函数（Ya)相互关系的数学模型。分析其试验因素效应和交互作用，并通过计算机模拟寻优，优选出最佳施肥方案，即纯氮施用量为62.26-75.43kg/hm^2，纯钾施用量为191.91-222.02kg/hm^2，饼肥施用量为77.85-115.98kg/hm^2。     

锌硅肥对强筋小麦产量及品质的影响

增施锌硅肥对小麦有显著的减少小穗退化、降低空秕率作用,达到增加每穗粒数、提高产量的目的。过量增施锌硅肥对强筋小麦蛋白质、湿面筋、赖氨酸等营养品质有一定负效应,不利于强筋小麦营养品质的提高。生产上以施用腐殖酸锌硅肥37.5kg／hm2为宜。